Beauty Within The Cultures by Phillip Namara Essay

How do you define strike? Is it a excellent cannon and large breasts? A perfect smile and straight hair? If you flip through the pages of an Ameri sess fashion magazine, you may think beauty is narrowly definedbut thats not the case. From fat ankles to small noses, women from five continents argon revealing whats considered beautiful in their countries. Its a expressive style of connecting yourselves from your kitchen, your living room, your bedroom to the rest of the world. The first ending I will speak about are the Koreans. In any subway car you will see young Korean women checking their hair and organic law in mirrors that come machine-accessible to their cell phones. For those with less image-savvy devices, the windows provide ample reflection for women to fretfully see stray stands of hair or rouge streaks of foundation.This preoccupation with beauty is no less reflected in how many another(prenominal) Korean women dress. High heels, mini-skirts and frilled blouses are not reserved for nights out on the town they are the norm for many women going about their daily business. While looking good is a progeny of boosting self-esteem for many women, there are often more practical reasons for going under the knife. A lot of women believe that their chances of employment are largely dependent on their looks and will improve significantly after a cosmetic touch-up. In this highly competitive society, where it is routine to send your photo attached to your resume, a pretty face can give you the edge in a job or college interview. The next country/culture we will look at is Africa.There are nigh countries in Africa who nourish recently adopted a new definition of beauty accepting the same beliefs as Western culture. However, many countries maintain a quite different perspective of what beauty means in spite of appearance Africa. This different perspective defines beauty as* Large Breasts In some countries, women with large chests are more more preferred and considered much more beautiful than women with small chests. * Ample Backside In some countries, generally the same ones that consider openhanded breasts to be beautiful, a large backside is desirable and considered beautiful. * make out vs. Skinny Although it has become a newly accepted form of beauty, being skinny is not desirable in every country in Africa. There are countries where brides are force fed in order to make them fat or to make them more desirable to their male counterparts. Although this may not be considered healthy, it is what many in the culture of these countries consider beautiful. * Skin Color Another aspect of beauty in Africa relates to skin color. Many countries believe that a spark skinned African woman is more desirable than those who have darker skin. Therefore, a market has grown for skin creams that will lighten the complexion of African women in order to make them more attractive to the resister sex. Importance of Curves in African violatorLooking at this list of what beauty means in certain parts of Africa, we can recoup that the more curves a woman has in some countries across the African continent, the more desirable she is to the opposite sex. The idea of this form of accepted beauty has caused many clothing designers in Africa to increase their sizes available in their clothing lines in order to show their acceptance that even a bigger woman can be beautiful.In Southwestern Asia, the area often known as the Middle East, the rejection of Western culture and beauty standards, along with the insurgence of Islamic traditions, has seen the rise in more traditional, Arabic clothing. This clothing tends to top side more of the body and gives only an alluring glimpse at the feminine figure in spite of appearance as a clear denunciation of the revealing outfits worn by many in the Western world. These outfits boast the humble, demure and secret beauty of the wearer, whose husband is the only one with access to the body hidden within the folds of fabric. Still, with increasing globalization, many Western beauty ideals have spread throughout the world, while cultures with itty-bitty impinging outside their indigenous communities continue to observe their own beauty practices. Either way, ideals of beauty are present throughout the diverse communities of world.Beauty Throughout The Ages Its hard to believe that once upon a date, women were far-famed for their natural god-given bodies. In fact, the female standard of beauty has gone through many drastic changes everyplace the last several hundred years. Ive compiled a timeline of all the major trends over the past 600 years, spark advanceting signal with the Renaissance up until the last decade.Renaissance Body Type The ideal Renaissance woman was more voluptuous than any other time in history. Paintings from this era depict women who would be considered beyond full-bosomed by right aways standards but at that time, these full-fig ured ladies were the epitome of sexiness. For the first time in enter history, women were prized for their natural bodies. Beauty The term blondes have more fun may have stemmed from the Renaissance, because they believed that the lighter the hair color, the better. As for make-up, colour ivory skin was considered sexy, and vermillion was used to tint the lips to a abstruse red color. Pale complexion and blood red lips it seems standardised the Renaissance era may have originated the popular vampire-chic look. VictorianBody Type Unlike Renaissance women, Victorian women were very body conscious. risque meant having the smallest waistline humanly possible, and in order to carry through this look, women wore corsets. Some corsets were wound so tight that women could exactly breathe, to the point where sitting down was completely out of the question. Many women would even break ribs trying to suck up their waistlines down to an inconceivable 12 inches. Beauty Modesty was the o perative word when it came to Victorian makeup. High-class women were nick judgment to use makeup sparingly. Bold colors were considered trashy, and reserved for prostitutes. Some religions at the time even announced beauty products to be the look of the devil.1920s Era Body Type The 1920s was a time when women didnt want to look like women at all. We cant imagine that men today would find this sexy, but some women from the 20s era would even bind their chests with strips of cloth to get through a little boy look quite contradictory to some of the measures that todays women blast in order to amplify their chests. The loose silhouette of the flapper dress was in stark contrast to the corseted waist of the Victorian era. Elastic webbed girdles replaced corsets and gave send off the look of a flat boyish abdomen. Beauty going right along with the boyish look, the hair bob or finger wave was a big trend. Bold make-up, which had once been considered trashy, was now considered sexy . Powder was applied to make the skin look as pale as possible, and eyebrows were lifted and penciled in to appear thin and bold. Kohl was used to line the eye and achieve an overall dramatic look.1930-1970s Era Body Type As they became more body conscious, women started to pay worry to what they ate. Fashions accented the arms and legs, so women lifted light weights to build muscle tone. The new padded blossom forth cotton bra was introduced something were sure all men and women are very thankful for. Designers like Chanel (credited as the originator of the little black dress), Dior, and Elsa Schiaparelli started designing glamorous attire that allowed women to show off their feminine curves. Beauty Hairstyles became more feminine than they had been in the 1920s. Hair color varied, depending on which movie star one was trying to emulate. Jean Harlow made platinum blonde a trend, and meanwhile, Rita Hayworth made being a redhead popular. Last, but not least, Marlene Dietrich was a symbol for all the brunettes out there. Make-up became a little less drag, and more girl-next-door than in the 20s. The pasty white skin trend was finally pass, and women started opting for foundations closer to their natural complexions.

Human and Hazlitt Essay

Prompt Read the following excerpt from William Hazlitts Lectures on the English amusive Writers (1819). Then write a well-developed essay analyzing the authors purpose by examining tone, point of view, and rhetorical devices.William Hazlitts purpose in pen this passage was to enlighten the reasons of why with so much calamity and despair around us we be still able to feel happiness or express joy at a poorly told joke.Hazlitts tone is a mixture of condescending and explanation. The passage is compose to explain our faults and why we at times express or feel stronger emotions for events, or actions that present some(a) humor. However, at the same time, there is an event or action that is very sad that the emotions produced should be greater, although, they are not. In sight of something of great remorse, we will laugh at something insignificant before we would express remorse. Hazlitt patronizes multitude in general for laughing at nothing, and for not crying at something tra gic. We as humans have the capacity to feel and express strong emotions, both confident(p) and negative, yet we only express the positive emotions, or only allow ourselves to feel the positive emotions.William Hazlitt writes from a objective point of view, however it is an un-biased neutral point of view. Hazlitt writes as if he is excluded from the human race, as if he is just an observer. It sounds like he remove him-self in order to describe what he saw and observed how people express emotion. By writing the passage from this perspective, he gives the reader the impression that they may be able to achieve a plateau that would allow them to fully feel emotions in a pure manner.Hazlitts stylistic devices are all the way recognized and unique, throughout the entire passage he uses hyperbole and overstatement in order to show what he feels. Hazlitts purpose was to clearly explain to the reader the oddity of human emotions. To achieve this Hazlitt uses repitition he repeats the m ain ideas repeatedly to ensure that the reader will understand his point. In addition to this, Hazlitt also uses a punctuation mark that is rarely seen in lectures today the exclamation mark. In using this mark heads more spice to his writing, it increases the subjects importance. He persuades the reader that this is a serious subject, and could be the precipitation of morality in society.In conclusion, to get his point across Hazlitt uses many different rhetorical strategies in order. The stylistic device he uses makes the readers feel inferior, and in order for them to better themselves, they must recognize their cause faults. Hazlitt uses many techniques to inform the reader of the chaotic way in, which a person feels, and expresses emotions.

A Day I’Ll Never Forget

When you wake up in the morning you never know what to expect. mickle get up as though every twenty-four hour period will be a normal sidereal day. race go to work or school and live their daily lives. The day of October 31, 2011 my daughters aim was induce becuase she was prolong her due date. That day was crazy from waking up in the morning and the trip to the hositpal. From watching my daughters mother go through the pain she went through and when the time came when my daughter was born was a unrealistic spot. The day of October 31, 2011 I will never forget that day.My girlfriend and I woke up at five oclock in the morning , and we said a prayer together. We got ready and left the family line at 7 oclock am. For more or less reason, driving to the hospital seemed to take longer than usual. I remember everything about this day as if it was yesterday. We arrived to Morton engraft Hospital and proceeded to the Labor and Delivery unit. The halls were very quiet and I remember thinking to myself this is it this is the day thats gonna heighten my life forever. After the doctors and the nurses induce my daughters mother it was nothing but a waiting period.After a some hours, my daughters mother began to have some normal condensings she was able to handle them for small period of time however, the contraction came to be rally more painful to her. I never wintessed anybody go thourgh no type of pain alike(p) she went thourgh. I ask her what the contractions felt like she said, The pain is like having your insides twisted, pulled, and squeezed combined with someone stabbing you in the stomach. The only thing I can say to myself is ouch After hours of toture pain she couldnt take it anymore, so she went forward a got a epidurals.When she got the epidural the pain easily ease away. Thank God for epidurals. The time has come after fourteen hours of been in the hospital it was time. My daughters mother had a dialte to ten centemeter and it was time to push . I have never been so scared it was like I was in a hunted house and I couldnt get out. After a few pushes and me almost passing out on the understructure she was finally here. When my daughter arrived, I jumped up really high and scream out its a son I dont know what I saw but I thought she was a boy.She was born red-blooded and was the cuties baby I ever seen. I never been so happy like I was that day. The day my daughter was born I will never forget. While Ill was expecting a baby boy I got a beautiful baby girl. That day was a unforgetable day. From the time we woke up that morning and getting to the hositpal . watching the labor pain my childs mother was going thourgh was the scariest thing I ever saw. The most important feeling was watching the birth of my child. Watching the birth of my baby girl was a unrealistic feeling.

Can negotiations occur without trust

Can dialogues be give-up the ghost without impudence BY Richer The nature of talks and its process constitutes a make sense of various factors that leads to an effective or ineffective process and out vex. One of the primary purposes of a negotiation is to come an balance with an former(a)(a) fel slumpship by exchanging offers and to find solutions to a common issue, whenever we great deal non gain our objectives single-heartedly (Thompson, 2009).Some believe that in order to conduct a negotiation, consecrate is an utmost important factor as negotiants dep end on the information provided by the separate party, on the outcomes to which the parties omit throughout the negotiation process, and on the other party to deliver the commitments (Licked, Poplin, 2013). This essay aims to discuss whether imprecate is a precondition for negotiation. As such, it go away attempt to range of a function to a deeper understanding of assumption in a negotiation, forward understanding how it whitethorn influence the outcome, and whether a negotiation whitethorn take place between us and the peck whom we do non trust.Examples of trust and distrust within negotiations atomic number 18 given, before the essay will conclude with reasons why it is impossible to successfully act with people whom we do non trust. Trust is comm all defined as a reassured and positive anticipation of the actions of a nonher party (Lessons, Smith, 2012). Trusting gives us the assumption that the other party would fill up the expectation by considering our welfare and honoring their commitment towards the agreement.Trust in negotiations, like in some(prenominal) other independent relationships, is characterized by dependency and vulnerability to the other party. Trust in this case, according to Lessons, implies to the positive expectation to sought common solutions to bring to pass value, integrate interests, and find mutually beneficial solutions (Lessons, Smith, 2012). This b rings us to the characteristic of an integrated negotiation, which attempts to create value and achieving joint gains. In such cases, negotiators are in dependence to separately or sensation another for the sharing or exchange of information.According to Licked and Poplin, even though a negotiator may have a certain level of doubt in the other party, he or she still has to have at least a bit of trust, otherwise, it may be impossible to pay anything the other party says at face value or reach a viable agreement (Licked, Poplin, 2013). As a resultant role, being constantly afraid and doubtful with what is being overlap would not low us to take a step hike. This is further aggravated by the fact that negotiators may not be able to verify the received information.Here, trust is more about acceptance rather than further scrutiny and serves as stepping-stones to have an exchange of information during the negotiation process. Without trust, we are not able to campaign on further to create solutions and agreements based on the information received. As such, the negotiation is impossible to go by further due to an absence of trust. In a negotiation, many parties tend to cerebrate on positions, not interests. The relevance f how interests could halt a negotiation seems to interlink with the problem of having trust.If we do not trust the other party, we lack an openness to share our objectives and understand their interests in the negotiation. In an mannikin of the story shared by (Fisher, Our, 2006), two men were in battle in a library as one precious the window open and the other wanted it closed. Both could not come to an agreement on how much to leave the window open. When a third party, the librarian asked why both mean wanted it closed or open, one shared that he wanted to get fresh air, but the other wanted to avoid the draft (Fisher, Our, 2006).Here, we can see how both men focused on the position, the what, and not each others interests, the why. As such, we can see that without understanding each others interest, both men came into interlocking and could not negotiate on a solution. As a result, it then becomes virtually impossible to really constitute or appreciate the problem that actually needs to be addressed (Fisher, Our, 2006). To build on this, trust is extremely important as it serves as a foundation for understanding each others interest before working on the solutions or agreements.Without trust, both parties will not seek to understand each other, and end up being fixated on their positions due to their own interests. This prevents both parties to successfully negotiate on the issue. In order to negotiate, trust is important in order to avoid retaliation due to a conflict of views and ideas. Without trust, every solution and idea will be met with suspicion and skepticism. This lack of trust not only inhibits cooperation and successful negotiation, it may as well as result in retaliation that causes the escalat ion of conflict (Coleman, et al. 2000). In addition, according to (Kramer, 1994), this may even result n paranoid cognitions in which one may feel that he or she is subject to the other party malevolence. These perceptions may then drive him or her to the point of hyper vigilance and rumination, resulting in a faulty diagnosis of the result of working with the other party (Licked, 2006). As such, conflicts would then arise, as the negotiator would increasingly focus on his or her position, and end up reluctant to come into agreement.The negotiation will then come to an impasse as both sides end up using their prejudicial perceptions to retaliate each other, causing the conflict to escalate beyond control. As explained above, trust seems to be inseparable in order to negotiate. However, according to a writer Bonnie Change, claiming trust is necessary for all negotiation seem to be an overstatement as the significance of trust is culture and context specific (Change, 2009). In her e xample of how two people may conduct a negotiation without trust, she gave a scenario of negotiation with hostage- takers.A negotiator and a hostage-taker do not know each other and thus, will not have any trust between them. However, both of them may still engage in a negotiation to lay out down the benefits of letting the hostage go. The negotiators main objective is to talk the hostage-taker into revealing information about him or herself, and find out what kind of concessions to make for the release of the hostage. The hostage-takers main objective is to use the hostage to induce what he or she needs, including the escape from the crime.The succession of the negotiation in such cases are a result of the weight of the gains and losses, depending on which side has more power to influence the outcome. For example, if the hostage were to be a postgraduate profile person, the hostage-taker would have more power to negotiate through to his or her wants. Therefore, through this exam ple, negotiations may occur even though both parties do not trust each other. According to (Choc, 2013), should there be no trust between two parties, relying on formal legal mechanisms such as preparing contracts are constructive ways to proceed with a negotiation.These formalized documents remind people of what they had agreed upon and serves as documentation, minimizing miscommunication that may occur if a deal is made based on fertilization. Creation of such agreements usually requires refine consequences and penalties for violating the terms of agreement (Licked, Poplin, 2013). These consequences of violation commonly includes penalties such as monetary compensations and mechanisms such as rectitude and the police force will be brought in to become part of the system of enforcement, should any agreements be violated.With a contract to force people to keep to a certain agreement, trust is not require in order for a negotiation to occur. We meet new people everyday, and someti mes, negotiations may occur whether or not we know the person. Of course, trust is not immediately established. Rather, like impressions, our Judgments of trustworthiness can occur cursorily at the start of a stagnation. This trustworthiness may result from what the negotiator has learned about the other partys reputation. For example, if I wanted to buy something for a shop owner for the first time, I will naturally exhibit skepticism in the shop owner and the quality of the goods.However, if I see a conclave at the shop with people snapping up the items, naturally, I would have the trust in the shop owner that the goods sold would be good. Here, we can see how the reputation of a person may easily create trust in us, towards the other party, even if we were to be meeting for the first time. In addition, many negotiations seek trust as the objective and continue to build trust throughout the negotiation process. In the example of the negotiation with a hostage taker, the negotia tor and hostage-taker may have not trust between each other at the very start.However, along the way, trust is built when both sides seek to understand the concessions that they can make, in order to gain what they want. While these initial impressions may also change as a negotiation unfolds, they create a powerful frame for interpreting the other party behavior and also provide a heuristic for duding negotiators strategy choices (Lessons, Smith, 2012). As such, trust is important to keep a negotiation process going, and it is definitely an important factor to determine the relationship and outcome of the negotiation with the other party.As such, we cannot negotiate with people whom we do not trust. Earlier, contract binding was mentioned as a way where negotiation may occur even if there is no trust between two parties. Here, it is true that the two parties may have no personalizedized trust in each other. However, according to Shapiro, even if there may be o personal trust, an institutional trust, also known as trust in a system, is what is present, leading to the creation of contract making (Shapiro et al. , 1992). With a trust in the legal enforcement system, it also creates a deterrence-based trust in order for a negotiation to proceed.Shapiro further added that this is a basic and minimal condition of trust in all negotiations (Shapiro et al. , 1992). This depends on the consistency in behavior and the threat of punishment if they do not maintain their promises to a certain commitment, and violate the documented agreements. In edition, it also depends on the gains for adhering to the agreements, such as rewards. Thus, the mentioned forms of trust will still be present even if we may have no personal trust.According to (Licked, 2000), even the most complex and sophisticated formal contract cannot stipulate every detail or possible contingency about the deal. Therefore, having personal trust in the other party is still critical. Without personal trust, a negotiation would not occur. This essay aims to discuss whether it is possible to negotiate with people whom we do not trust. Trust in this case, refers to having a positive expectation of the other arty and allowing ourselves to be dependent and undefended to the other party.There may seem to be cases where we may not have personal trust in a person and yet will still be able to negotiate. However, as mentioned in the essay, it may seem that trust is not present, but we may have a different form of trust, an send trust and most definitely, a deterrence based trust to ensure that we do not fall victim to breaches in agreements. The essay may show that it requires trust to form only cooperative agreements. However, likewise in competitive negotiations, it can still occur as deterrence based trust will be present to ensure hat agreements are not breached.As mentioned in the essay, without trust, we will only focus on our own objectives and interests and thus, will not allow the o ther party to gain anything. As a result, the negotiation will only come to an impasse if agreements cannot be made. In addition, without trust, we will be laughable and skeptical of the information that is shared with us. This causes us to develop paranoid conditions and result in a conflict instead of being able to negotiate. To conclude, it is certainly critical to have some form of trust in a negotiation. However, it s also good to have relative trust, rather than an absolute trust.Having a fairly share of distrust will definitely help us draw caution to what concessions we make. Ultimately, we cannot negotiate with people we do not trust at all. Trust will enable both parties to reach a solution that is needed or accepted by both sides, when we are not able to achieve them on our own.

USA responsibility for fostering the growth and development of the EEC Article

USA responsibility for fostering the harvest-home and development of the EEC - Article ExampleIn addition, they believed that an integrated Europe could play a greater governmental role in the world.The sparing gains to be derived from European integration were recognized long originally the postwar era, but post-World War II developments made them greater and more visible. The benefits come from expanding the size of the foodstuff open to producers. They are thus able to obtain the economies of scale resulting from mass production and specialization, and the economy as a whole can gain from the effects of greater competition. The advantages of integration assumed greater grandeur in the 1950s because technological developments that occurred during and after the war increased the size of the market necessary to support streamlined industry. Competition from large U.S. business firms seemed insurmountable to European firms faced with small, fragmented markets and equipped with obsolete machinery. larger markets and protection from the competition of U.S. products were thought necessary to sustain rapid European growth. Both could be obtained through economic integration.The political gains from integration seemed at the time to be even more grave than the economic ones. The destructive war in Europe was not followed by peace but by frigid war. Under Joseph Stalin, the Soviet Union threatened the very existence of European governments. Germany was divided and faced a powerful Russian army on its frontier. Italy and France both experienced great uncertainties from having large Communist minorities deep down their borders. In this situation, only the military power of the United States maintained security. But the Europeans felt that they had to make an important contribution to their own defense, both to avoid being totally dependent on the United States, and to cultivate for the day when U.S military forces would be removed from European soil. Integr ation through supra national institutions was thought to be both a means of ensuring efficient expenditure of the resources Europeans felt they could devote to security, and a way of downgrading separatist military establishments. In Germany, particularly, integration was viewed as a means of providing sufficient strength in the due west to convince the Soviet Union that nothing could be gained from a continued division of Germany, in the confide that reunification would eventually be permitted. Conflicts over the goals of European unity and over the degree of supranationality of its institutions have tag the European movement during the postwar period. Indeed, the most far-reaching attempts to institutionalize unity through the European Defense confederation (EDC) and the companion European Political Community (EPC) foundered on issues directly related to these conflicts. In order to put over this problem, the promoters of the European idea decided to concentrate their effort s on economic integration. European governments ( France in particular) could enter into agreements in the economic sphere, as demonstrated by the formation and continued existence of the European Coal and vane Community (ECSC), but were not prepared to accept a direct attack on national sovereignty, as shown by the defeat of the EDC proposal. Thus, the Rome Treaty establishing the EEC is devoid of provisions for political integration. (Nugent, 2006) However, political motives were paramount, and the ultimate objective of the

Strategy to foster the sustainable growth in Hong Kongs retail trade Assignment

dodging to foster the sustainable outgrowth in Hong Kongs retail trade industry under the situation of rarified shop rents - Assignment Examplewas the leading causes while strategies like promotion of commercial spaces on vested lands and pileus on rent prices can be the alternative measures.Retail trade has contributed towards employment and economic growth in Hong Kong. This study pull up stakes be focused towards identifying various strategies to achieve sustainable growth in retail industry of Hong Kong during soaring shop rent situation. In this particular research paper, different factors will be outlined which has caused turmoil in Hong Kongs retail sector. The respect of retail sales has drastically decreased in recent years, approximately by 6.9% over previous year. It has been observed that sales value of certain products such as jewelry, clocks and valuable gifts, photographic equipment and electrical goods, and consumer durables has decreased by 28.2%, 15.3% and 23. 9% respectively. Retail business operators in Hong Kong market be facing major challenges in present scenario in terms of retaining their market sh be and gaining high revenue margins. This problem has mainly occurred due to decrease in purchasing power of Chinas mainland tourists and increased total costs in form of recompense and shop rents. It is clearly evident that minimum wage legislation of Hong Kong Government and anti-corruption policies of Chinese government are policy variables. These external factors are not under control of retail operators. However these operators can occupy the best strategy for reducing shop rents so as to achieve sustainable growth in Hong Kong market.The retail trade sector is a vital component of utilities, transportation and trade supersector. This sector encompasses establishments in terms of engaging into retailing merchandise and rendering services in context of merchandise sale. sell process can be stated as final step in merchandise dist ribution. Retailers are generally organized to sell specific merchandise to general public in small quantities. on that point are two main categories of retailers

The Innovation and Learning Perspective of the Balanced Scorecard Research Paper

The Innovation and Learning Perspective of the Balanced bill of fare - Research Paper ExampleThere are two main causes of variances in a demarcations budget. One of the main causes is spending more than the budget allows. This could be due to the fact that the focus budgeted for less than required there was mismanagement of funds or general poor planning. Secondly, there whitethorn be an unexpected emergency in a business that whitethorn cause a major rift in the use of funds from the budget (Berry et. al. 2006). Mechanical damages to a major affect asset, for instance, could lead to an urgent purchase of another one in order to maintain the expected take of production. As an example, the Manchester Meerkat Company (MMC) suffered a blow when floods drained the fibre filling. This caused emergency spending that may have resulted in variance in the budget. This would cause destabilization in the budget hence a variance. These variances can either cause adverse effects to an organ ization if ignored or lead to achiever in business if noted and improved. This is because there exist two categories of variances namely approbatory and untoward variances. The favourable variances occur where the results of business operations are better as compared to the expected results. On the other hand, the unfavourable variances occur whenever the end results of business operations are worse than expected results. Therefore, managers always carry by variance analysis in order to the look-after-the fact at what caused the difference. Furthermore, according to Blocher & Cokins (2005), this analysis helps the management to ace the effects the variances have to the business and how to correct or improve on them.